Where Commodities Come From
Select a commodity to see which countries produce it, how much they supply, and what makes each site significant.
Gold Production Sites
10 countries account for the majority of global gold supply. Ranked by annual output.
China overtook South Africa as the world's largest gold producer in 2007. Most production comes from Shandong, Henan, and Fujian provinces, with the state-backed China National Gold Group Corp dominating output.
Russia's gold output has grown steadily under producers like Polyus, which operates the vast Olimpiada mine in Krasnoyarsk. Output has remained largely resilient despite Western sanctions, with Asia absorbing exports.
The Goldfields region of Western Australia, home to the historic Kalgoorlie Super Pit, anchors Australia's output. The country benefits from geological stability and strong regulatory certainty for long-term investment.
Ontario and Quebec host most of Canada's production, with major operators including Barrick Gold and Agnico Eagle. Canada consistently ranks among the top five global gold producers.
Nevada's Carlin Trend is the third-largest gold-producing region on Earth, dominated by Barrick Gold and Nevada Gold Mines. US output has declined from its 1990s peak due to depleted deposits and regulatory constraints.
West Africa's largest gold producer, Ghana hosts major mines operated by Newmont and Gold Fields near Ashanti and Obuasi. The country is a consistent top-ten global producer and a bedrock of the West African mining industry.
South Africa was the world's top gold producer for most of the 20th century, but declining ore grades and deep-level mining costs have eroded output. The Witwatersrand Basin remains one of the richest gold deposits ever discovered.
Peru's mining sector is concentrated around Cajamarca, home to the Yanacocha mine - once one of the world's largest gold mines. Community relations and water rights disputes are recurring challenges to production.
The Grasberg mine in Papua, one of the world's largest gold and copper deposits, is operated by Freeport-McMoRan following a renegotiated contract with the Indonesian government. It is among the highest-grade large gold deposits globally.
The Muruntau mine in the Kyzylkum Desert is one of the largest open-pit gold mines in the world, operated by Navoi Mining and Metallurgy Combinat (NMMC), a state enterprise with minimal foreign ownership.
Production data based on publicly available mining, energy, and agricultural statistics. Figures are approximate and reflect recent annual averages.